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China South Locomotive Group's Luoyang Locomotive Works has made a significant breakthrough by successfully developing China's first flawless track construction machinery. This advanced equipment enables the laying of ballastless tracks, which offer substantial improvements over traditional track maintenance methods. Ballastless tracks are more convenient to install and maintain, making them ideal for high-speed train operations. They provide better structural continuity, smoothness, stability, and durability, while also reducing environmental impact and eliminating the risk of ballast splashing at high speeds.
Compared to ballasted tracks, ballastless tracks have a lower structural height and are lighter, allowing for greater flexibility in terrain selection. Although the technology is more complex and requires a higher initial investment, the long-term benefits are considerable. These tracks require minimal maintenance throughout their service life—reducing maintenance work by over 70%—which greatly eases the operational challenges of high-speed rail systems.
Pan Yong, an engineer overseeing the ballastless track construction, explained that this new machinery will significantly improve the condition of China’s mixed-use railway lines. The dedicated passenger tracks can support speeds of nearly 400 km/h and drastically reduce maintenance frequency. The engineering vehicle consists of ten key components, including installation, loading, and fixing systems. During the track-laying process, rails are inserted into pre-vibrated concrete before it sets, followed by a combination of mechanical and manual labor to install the critical fixed supports for sleepers. Each shift can lay approximately 200 meters of track.
This groundbreaking machine will be deployed on the Zhengxi Passenger Dedicated Line, a 484.5-kilometer route with a design speed of 350 km/h. High-speed rail projects demand extremely strict technical standards, and the ballastless track uses high-performance concrete designed for a 100-year lifespan. After completion, the roadbed settlement must remain within 2 cm, far exceeding the 20 cm limit of conventional railways. The passenger line will feature a flawless track spanning 456.439 kilometers.
According to Pan Yong, Europe already has many such flawless tracks, with similar machines costing around 14 million yuan. In contrast, the first domestically developed version in China costs about 7 million yuan, marking a major milestone in China’s railway history. This innovation not only reduces the time and effort required for track laying but also lays a solid foundation for the future development of high-speed rail in the country.