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In a major breakthrough for China's railway industry, the Luoyang Locomotive Works under China South Locomotive Group has successfully developed the country's first flawless track construction machinery. This innovation marks a significant step forward in the development of high-speed rail infrastructure. The ballastless track laid by this equipment offers numerous advantages over traditional ballasted tracks, making it more efficient and better suited for high-speed train operations.
Compared to conventional ballasted tracks, ballastless tracks provide superior structural continuity, smoothness, stability, and durability. They eliminate the need for traditional ballast, reducing environmental impact and preventing the risk of ballast splashing at high speeds. Additionally, they have a lower structural height and lighter weight, which makes them more adaptable to different terrains. Although the technology is more complex and requires a higher initial investment, the long-term benefits are substantial—ballastless tracks require minimal maintenance over their 100-year lifespan, cutting maintenance costs by more than 70%.
According to Pan Yong, an engineer involved in the development of the ballastless track construction system, this new machinery will significantly improve the condition of China’s mixed passenger and freight railway lines. The dedicated passenger tracks can support speeds of up to nearly 400 km/h, while drastically reducing the frequency of maintenance and construction activities. The machine consists of ten key components, including installation, loading, and fixing systems. During track laying, rails are inserted into pre-vibrated concrete, followed by precise manual and mechanical installation of the critical sleeper supports. Each shift can lay approximately 200 meters of track.
This advanced machinery will be deployed on the Zhengxi Passenger Dedicated Line, a 484.5-kilometer high-speed rail project designed for a maximum speed of 350 km/h. The technical demands of this line are extremely high, with strict requirements for the durability of high-performance concrete and roadbed settlement. After completion, the track must settle no more than 2 cm, far exceeding the 20 cm standard of regular railways. A total of 456.439 kilometers of flawless track will be laid along this route.
Pan Yong also noted that Europe has been using similar ballastless track systems for years, with comparable machines costing around 14 million yuan. In contrast, China’s first domestically developed version costs about 7 million yuan, significantly lowering the cost barrier. This achievement not only represents a milestone in China’s railway history but also lays a solid foundation for the future expansion of high-speed rail networks across the country.