Excerpts from wtop.com:

The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) and the Multi-State Information Sharing and Analysis Center (MS-ISAC) have issued a warning that cyberattacks targeting law enforcement agencies, fire departments, and other emergency services are now common and expected to rise in frequency.

An intelligence report states, “Cyber threats against the Emergency Services Sector (ESS) are likely to grow as systems become more connected and reliant on IT infrastructure for daily operations.” The report highlights that the interconnected nature of these systems creates more potential entry points for hackers. Vulnerable systems include call-center communication software, CCTV systems, interactive voice response tools, and emergency alert systems—especially wireless ones.

While hacking into emergency systems isn’t a new issue, incidents date back over four years. One of the most infamous cases occurred in February 2013, when KRTV television viewers in North Central Montana heard the standard emergency alert tones, only to be shocked by a chilling message: “Civil authorities in your area have reported that the bodies of the dead are rising from their graves and attacking the living. Follow the messages on screen… Do not attempt to approach or apprehend these bodies as they are considered extremely dangerous.”

Similar alerts were later broadcast on WMNU-TV and WBUP-TV in Michigan, as well as in California, New Mexico, and Utah. Hackers exploited firmware vulnerabilities to remotely access these systems. Although authorities eventually stopped the perpetrator overseas, the attacks have continued.

Since then, the DHS has observed a growing trend, suggesting that such attacks will become even more frequent. According to the assessment, around 600 critical government phone systems, including 200 public-safety answering points (PSAPs), were hit by telephony denial-of-service (TDoS) attacks.
The following year, police departments became targets. In June 2014, a city in Southern California and several local public-safety agencies were hit by ransomware, affecting 100 computers and 10 servers. In May 2015, a Nevada county sheriff’s office and a Wisconsin police department were also attacked, with their shared files encrypted.

To prepare for future threats, the DHS has provided a set of best practices for emergency service operators and first responders to reduce risks:

• Regularly back up all critical data to minimize damage from system failures or breaches. Store backups offline on separate devices.

• Keep anti-virus software updated and apply the latest patches to operating systems and applications.

• Be cautious with all emails, especially those appearing to come from trusted sources. Avoid clicking suspicious links or opening attachments.

• Never enter personal information or login credentials on pop-up windows or untrusted links. Always go directly to an organization's official website.

• Check URLs carefully for small typos or different domain names (e.g., .com vs. .net).

• Avoid downloading files from unknown senders. Malicious code can hide in common file types like .doc, .pdf, .exe, and .zip. Watch out for double extensions like evil.pdf.exe.

• Only download software from verified sources. Enable email attachment scanning before saving to your device or network.

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